{"id":"releases/2026-11-13/species/XBFW.json","kind":"species","format":"species/1.17","provenance":{"release":"2026-11-13","sources":["inaturalist-observations-v2","gbif-occurrence-v2","species-names","inaturalist-photos","usgs-gap-ranges-conus-2001v1","noaa-nclimgrid-daily","us-riis-l48-v2","oh-oda-invasive-plants","oh-odnr-aquatic-invasive","inaturalist-checklist","government-species-lists","census-tiger-2026","census-cartographic-boundaries-2025","resolve-ecoregions-2017","usgs-wbd","census-urban-areas-2020","natural-earth-countries","usgs-annual-nlcd-c1v2-2025","usgs-3dep-1as","usgs-padus-4-1","odnr-lands","census-zcta-county-2020","census-places-2020"],"licences":["CC-BY-4.0","CC-BY-NC-4.0","CC0-1.0"],"gbif_download_dois":["10.15468/dl.8m7c3d","10.15468/dl.y2jkt8"],"method":"seasonal-5","taxonomy":"col-xr-2026-06-19/match-2026-10-20","boundaries":"tiger-2026; census-cb-2025-500k; census-zcta-county-2020; census-places-2020; resolve-ecoregions-2017; usgs-annual-nlcd-c1v2-2025; usgs-3dep-1as; PAD-US 4.1 073747bf4d9b, ODNR Lands 8f5985bbd476, parks list 1.2; WBD HU8 04 1a78c5142bde, 05 d59adb45cc28; census-uac20 dbd0e5786258","ranges":["gap/conus-2001v1"],"protection":{"usfws":"2026-11-03T15:25:11.428Z","ohio":"2026-10"},"code":"414181dce188c3b7397c29608556900ed4e75a41","run":"43333827288"},"data":{"species_key":"XBFW","scientific_name":"Columba livia","authorship":"J. F. Gmelin, 1789","common_name":"Rock Pigeon","synonyms":["Columba (Domestica) ss livia","Columba affinis","Columba cristata","Columba cucullata","Columba domestica","Columba forficata","Columba galeata","Columba gutturosa","Columba hispanica","Columba hispida","Columba livia feral","Columba maculata","Columba melanura","Columba mercurialis","Columba oenas domestica","Columba oenas fera","Columba percussor","Columba prolifera","Columba tabellaria","Columba tremula","Columba turbita","Columba turca","Columba tympanista","Columba vertaga","Columba vulgaris"],"inaturalist_taxon_id":3017,"photo":{"id":"inat-466776975","source":"default","sizes":{"species":[480,768,1152,1536],"card":[320,480,640,800],"thumb":[64,96,128,192]},"credit":"(c) Birds of Gilgit-Baltistan, some rights reserved (CC BY-SA)","licence":"CC-BY-SA-4.0","licence_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/","url":"https://www.inaturalist.org/photos/466776975"},"part_photos":{},"rank":"species","classification":{"kingdom":"Animalia","phylum":"Chordata","class":"Aves","order":"Columbiformes","family":"Columbidae","genus":"Columba"},"group":"birds","slug":"rock-pigeon","areas":[{"area":"us-oh","level":"state","records":601,"record_dates":486,"latest_month":"2025-12","season":[],"season_withheld":"year-round","windows":null,"conditions":{"sunrise":"07:05","sunset":"19:55","high":21.2,"low":7.7,"midpoint":14.8},"flowering":null,"fruiting":null,"adult":null,"larva":null,"male":null,"female":null,"signs":{"feather":{"records":1,"season":[],"season_withheld":"too-few-records","windows":null}},"heard":null,"hours":[2,0,2,1,4,2,1,9,21,38,49,65,64,69,60,47,48,46,30,18,6,1,2,4],"months_not_reported":[],"land_cover":{"records":311,"groups":[{"group":"developed","share":81.7},{"group":"forest","share":8.7},{"group":"farmland","share":6.1},{"group":"water","share":1.6},{"group":"wetland","share":1.3},{"group":"barren","share":0.6}]},"look_alikes":[{"species_key":"5D2BZ","state":11,"worldwide":576,"chosen_by":"state"},{"species_key":"6ZXPP","state":0,"worldwide":448,"chosen_by":"worldwide"},{"species_key":"5384V","state":0,"worldwide":97,"chosen_by":"worldwide"},{"species_key":"YNHD","state":4,"worldwide":85,"chosen_by":"worldwide"},{"species_key":"3F72J","state":0,"worldwide":79,"chosen_by":"worldwide"}]},{"area":"39035","level":"county","records":116,"record_dates":103,"latest_month":"2025-11","season":[],"season_withheld":"year-round","windows":null,"conditions":{"sunrise":"06:56","sunset":"19:57","high":19.3,"low":8.8,"midpoint":14.9},"flowering":null,"fruiting":null,"adult":null,"larva":null,"male":null,"female":null,"signs":{},"heard":null,"hours":null,"months_not_reported":null,"land_cover":null,"look_alikes":null},{"area":"39049","level":"county","records":46,"record_dates":41,"latest_month":"2025-11","season":[],"season_withheld":"year-round","windows":null,"conditions":{"sunrise":"07:15","sunset":"19:38","high":15.2,"low":3.6,"midpoint":9.5},"flowering":null,"fruiting":null,"adult":null,"larva":null,"male":null,"female":null,"signs":{},"heard":null,"hours":null,"months_not_reported":null,"land_cover":null,"look_alikes":null},{"area":"39061","level":"county","records":39,"record_dates":35,"latest_month":"2025-09","season":[],"season_withheld":"year-round","windows":null,"conditions":{"sunrise":"07:26","sunset":"19:45","high":22.9,"low":9.4,"midpoint":16.6},"flowering":null,"fruiting":null,"adult":null,"larva":null,"male":null,"female":null,"signs":{},"heard":null,"hours":null,"months_not_reported":null,"land_cover":null,"look_alikes":null},{"area":"39073","level":"county","records":47,"record_dates":39,"latest_month":"2025-12","season":[],"season_withheld":"precision","windows":null,"conditions":{"sunrise":"07:06","sunset":"19:57","high":22.7,"low":8.7,"midpoint":16.8},"flowering":null,"fruiting":null,"adult":null,"larva":null,"male":null,"female":null,"signs":{},"heard":null,"hours":null,"months_not_reported":null,"land_cover":null,"look_alikes":null},{"area":"39153","level":"county","records":37,"record_dates":35,"latest_month":"2025-11","season":[],"season_withheld":"year-round","windows":null,"conditions":{"sunrise":"07:01","sunset":"19:46","high":19,"low":2.5,"midpoint":10.7},"flowering":null,"fruiting":null,"adult":null,"larva":null,"male":null,"female":null,"signs":{},"heard":null,"hours":null,"months_not_reported":null,"land_cover":null,"look_alikes":null},{"area":"huc8-04110002","level":"watershed","records":67,"record_dates":63,"latest_month":"2025-11","season":[],"season_withheld":"year-round","windows":null,"conditions":{"sunrise":"06:58","sunset":"19:56","high":19,"low":7.7,"midpoint":15.1},"flowering":null,"fruiting":null,"adult":null,"larva":null,"male":null,"female":null,"signs":{},"heard":null,"hours":null,"months_not_reported":null,"land_cover":null,"look_alikes":null},{"area":"huc8-04110003","level":"watershed","records":55,"record_dates":48,"latest_month":"2025-11","season":[],"season_withheld":"year-round","windows":null,"conditions":{"sunrise":"07:07","sunset":"19:37","high":21,"low":9.5,"midpoint":15.3},"flowering":null,"fruiting":null,"adult":null,"larva":null,"male":null,"female":null,"signs":{},"heard":null,"hours":null,"months_not_reported":null,"land_cover":null,"look_alikes":null},{"area":"huc8-05040001","level":"watershed","records":20,"record_dates":19,"latest_month":"2025-06","season":[],"season_withheld":"precision","windows":null,"conditions":{"sunrise":"07:16","sunset":"18:34","high":15.7,"low":-0.2,"midpoint":9.3},"flowering":null,"fruiting":null,"adult":null,"larva":null,"male":null,"female":null,"signs":{},"heard":null,"hours":null,"months_not_reported":null,"land_cover":null,"look_alikes":null},{"area":"huc8-05060001","level":"watershed","records":53,"record_dates":47,"latest_month":"2025-11","season":[],"season_withheld":"year-round","windows":null,"conditions":{"sunrise":"07:13","sunset":"19:08","high":14,"low":3.2,"midpoint":8.6},"flowering":null,"fruiting":null,"adult":null,"larva":null,"male":null,"female":null,"signs":{},"heard":null,"hours":null,"months_not_reported":null,"land_cover":null,"look_alikes":null},{"area":"huc8-05060002","level":"watershed","records":51,"record_dates":42,"latest_month":"2025-12","season":[],"season_withheld":"precision","windows":null,"conditions":{"sunrise":"07:00","sunset":"19:57","high":22.7,"low":8.7,"midpoint":16.8},"flowering":null,"fruiting":null,"adult":null,"larva":null,"male":null,"female":null,"signs":{},"heard":null,"hours":null,"months_not_reported":null,"land_cover":null,"look_alikes":null},{"area":"huc8-05080001","level":"watershed","records":23,"record_dates":18,"latest_month":"2025-09","season":[],"season_withheld":"year-round","windows":null,"conditions":{"sunrise":"07:26","sunset":"19:48","high":17,"low":5.5,"midpoint":10.3},"flowering":null,"fruiting":null,"adult":null,"larva":null,"male":null,"female":null,"signs":{},"heard":null,"hours":null,"months_not_reported":null,"land_cover":null,"look_alikes":null},{"area":"huc8-05080002","level":"watershed","records":29,"record_dates":29,"latest_month":"2025-12","season":[],"season_withheld":"precision","windows":null,"conditions":{"sunrise":"06:47","sunset":"20:39","high":25.2,"low":13.3,"midpoint":18.9},"flowering":null,"fruiting":null,"adult":null,"larva":null,"male":null,"female":null,"signs":{},"heard":null,"hours":null,"months_not_reported":null,"land_cover":null,"look_alikes":null},{"area":"huc8-05090203","level":"watershed","records":36,"record_dates":31,"latest_month":"2025-09","season":[],"season_withheld":"precision","windows":null,"conditions":{"sunrise":"07:26","sunset":"19:36","high":22.5,"low":9.3,"midpoint":15.6},"flowering":null,"fruiting":null,"adult":null,"larva":null,"male":null,"female":null,"signs":{},"heard":null,"hours":null,"months_not_reported":null,"land_cover":null,"look_alikes":null},{"area":"eco-329","level":"ecoregion","records":78,"record_dates":66,"latest_month":"2025-12","season":[],"season_withheld":"precision","windows":null,"conditions":{"sunrise":"06:50","sunset":"20:09","high":22.7,"low":8.9,"midpoint":16.3},"flowering":null,"fruiting":null,"adult":null,"larva":null,"male":null,"female":null,"signs":{},"heard":null,"hours":null,"months_not_reported":null,"land_cover":null,"look_alikes":null},{"area":"eco-334","level":"ecoregion","records":90,"record_dates":80,"latest_month":"2025-11","season":[],"season_withheld":"year-round","windows":null,"conditions":{"sunrise":"07:00","sunset":"19:54","high":20.7,"low":9.8,"midpoint":15.4},"flowering":null,"fruiting":null,"adult":null,"larva":null,"male":null,"female":null,"signs":{},"heard":null,"hours":null,"months_not_reported":null,"land_cover":null,"look_alikes":null},{"area":"eco-336","level":"ecoregion","records":20,"record_dates":19,"latest_month":"2025-07","season":[],"season_withheld":"precision","windows":null,"conditions":{"sunrise":"07:21","sunset":"19:45","high":26.5,"low":14.3,"midpoint":19.6},"flowering":null,"fruiting":null,"adult":null,"larva":null,"male":null,"female":null,"signs":{},"heard":null,"hours":null,"months_not_reported":null,"land_cover":null,"look_alikes":null},{"area":"eco-342","level":"ecoregion","records":288,"record_dates":257,"latest_month":"2025-12","season":[],"season_withheld":"year-round","windows":null,"conditions":{"sunrise":"07:11","sunset":"19:50","high":18.7,"low":5.7,"midpoint":12.6},"flowering":null,"fruiting":null,"adult":null,"larva":null,"male":null,"female":null,"signs":{},"heard":null,"hours":null,"months_not_reported":null,"land_cover":null,"look_alikes":null},{"area":"ua-00766","level":"urban-area","records":27,"record_dates":26,"latest_month":"2025-11","season":[],"season_withheld":"year-round","windows":null,"conditions":{"sunrise":"06:52","sunset":"19:46","high":20.8,"low":9.7,"midpoint":15.2},"flowering":null,"fruiting":null,"adult":null,"larva":null,"male":null,"female":null,"signs":{},"heard":null,"hours":null,"months_not_reported":null,"land_cover":null,"look_alikes":null},{"area":"ua-16885","level":"urban-area","records":52,"record_dates":47,"latest_month":"2025-09","season":[],"season_withheld":"year-round","windows":null,"conditions":{"sunrise":"07:20","sunset":"19:50","high":24.8,"low":9.7,"midpoint":18.5},"flowering":null,"fruiting":null,"adult":null,"larva":null,"male":null,"female":null,"signs":{},"heard":null,"hours":null,"months_not_reported":null,"land_cover":null,"look_alikes":null},{"area":"ua-17668","level":"urban-area","records":109,"record_dates":98,"latest_month":"2025-11","season":[],"season_withheld":"year-round","windows":null,"conditions":{"sunrise":"06:57","sunset":"19:56","high":18.2,"low":8.3,"midpoint":13.6},"flowering":null,"fruiting":null,"adult":null,"larva":null,"male":null,"female":null,"signs":{},"heard":null,"hours":null,"months_not_reported":null,"land_cover":null,"look_alikes":null},{"area":"ua-19234","level":"urban-area","records":41,"record_dates":37,"latest_month":"2025-08","season":[],"season_withheld":"year-round","windows":null,"conditions":{"sunrise":"07:06","sunset":"19:55","high":22.6,"low":8.6,"midpoint":16.4},"flowering":null,"fruiting":null,"adult":null,"larva":null,"male":null,"female":null,"signs":{},"heard":null,"hours":null,"months_not_reported":null,"land_cover":null,"look_alikes":null},{"area":"park-hocking-hills-state-park","level":"park","records":32,"record_dates":28,"latest_month":"2025-12","season":[],"season_withheld":"precision","windows":null,"conditions":{"sunrise":"07:19","sunset":"19:44","high":20.3,"low":7.3,"midpoint":13.3},"flowering":null,"fruiting":null,"adult":null,"larva":null,"male":null,"female":null,"signs":{},"heard":null,"hours":null,"months_not_reported":null,"land_cover":null,"look_alikes":null}],"ranges":[{"area":"us-oh","level":"state","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39001","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39003","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39005","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39007","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39009","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39011","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39013","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39015","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39017","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39019","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39021","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39023","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39025","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39027","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39029","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39031","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39033","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39035","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39037","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39039","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39041","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39043","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39045","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39047","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39049","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39051","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39053","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39055","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39057","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39059","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39061","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39063","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39065","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39067","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39069","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39071","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39073","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39075","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39077","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39079","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39081","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39083","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39085","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39087","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39089","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39091","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39093","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39095","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39097","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39099","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39101","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39103","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39105","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39107","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39109","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39111","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39113","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39115","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39117","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39119","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39121","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39123","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39125","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39127","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39129","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39131","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39133","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39135","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39137","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39139","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39141","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39143","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39145","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39147","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39149","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39151","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39153","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39155","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39157","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39159","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39161","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39163","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39165","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39167","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39169","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39171","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39173","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]},{"area":"39175","level":"county","source":"gap","seasons":["year-round"]}],"statuses":[],"concerns":[],"introductions":[{"source":"us-riis-l48-v2","region":"us-l48","listed_name":"Columba livia","status":"invasive"}],"recorded_in":["39005","39007","39009","39015","39017","39023","39025","39029","39031","39037","39041","39043","39047","39051","39055","39057","39063","39065","39075","39077","39081","39085","39089","39091","39093","39095","39097","39099","39103","39109","39113","39115","39117","39119","39133","39139","39143","39145","39151","39155","39157","39159","39165","39167","39169","39173"],"below_species":[{"area":"us-oh","taxa":[{"taxon_key":"MRW8S","scientific_name":"Columba livia var. domestica","rank":"variety","common_name":"Carrier Pigeon"}],"other_below_species":false}]}}